Dow Jones Industrial Average

Dow Jones Industrial Average 

The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), Dow Jones, or simply the Dow (/ˈdaʊ/), is a stock market index of 30 prominent companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States.

DJIA component companies, showing trading exchange, ticker symbols and industry
Company	Exchange	Symbol	Sector	Date added	Notes	Index weighting
3M	NYSE	MMM	Industrials	1976-08-09	As Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing	1.85%
Alphabet	NASDAQ	GOOGL	Communication Services	2026-06-29		4.03%
American Express	NYSE	AXP	Financials	1982-08-30		3.88%
Amgen	NASDAQ	AMGN	Health Care	2020-08-31		4.11%
Amazon	NASDAQ	AMZN	Consumer Discretionary	2024-02-26		2.74%
Apple	NASDAQ	AAPL	Information Technology	2015-03-19		3.21%
Boeing	NYSE	BA	Industrials	1987-03-12		2.45%
Caterpillar	NYSE	CAT	Industrials	1991-05-06		11.77%
Chevron	NYSE	CVX	Energy	2008-02-19	Also 1930-07-18 to 1999-11-01	1.92%
Cisco	NASDAQ	CSCO	Information Technology	2009-06-08		1.34%
Coca-Cola	NYSE	KO	Consumer Staples	1987-03-12	Also 1932-05-26 to 1935-11-20	0.94%
Disney	NYSE	DIS	Communication Services	1991-05-06		1.12%
Goldman Sachs	NYSE	GS	Financials	2013-09-23		11.62%
Home Depot	NYSE	HD	Consumer Discretionary	1999-11-01		4.00%
Honeywell Technologies	NASDAQ	HON	Industrials	2020-08-31	AlliedSignal and Honeywell	2.59%
IBM	NYSE	IBM	Information Technology	1979-06-29	Also 1932-05-26 to 1939-03-04	3.17%
Johnson & Johnson	NYSE	JNJ	Health Care	1997-03-17		2.94%
JPMorgan Chase	NYSE	JPM	Financials	1991-05-06		3.75%
McDonald's	NYSE	MCD	Consumer Discretionary	1985-10-30		3.04%
Merck	NYSE	MRK	Health Care	1979-06-29		1.47%
Microsoft	NASDAQ	MSFT	Information Technology	1999-11-01		4.20%
Nike	NYSE	NKE	Consumer Discretionary	2013-09-23		0.47%
Nvidia	NASDAQ	NVDA	Information Technology	2024-11-08		2.22%
Procter & Gamble	NYSE	PG	Consumer Staples	1932-05-26		1.69%
Salesforce	NYSE	CRM	Information Technology	2020-08-31		1.80%
Sherwin-Williams	NYSE	SHW	Materials	2024-11-08		3.92%
Travelers Companies, Inc.	NYSE	TRV	Financials	2009-06-08		3.78%
UnitedHealth Group	NYSE	UNH	Health Care	2012-09-24		4.78%
Visa	NYSE	V	Financials	2013-09-23		3.89%
Walmart	NASDAQ	WMT	Consumer Staples	1997-03-17		1.31%

 

End-of-year closing values for DJIA
Year	Closing value	Net change	Percentage change
1896	40.45	−0.49	−1.20
1897	49.41	+8.96	+22.15
1898	60.52	+11.11	+22.49
1899	66.08	+5.56	+9.19
1900	70.71	+4.63	+7.01
1901	64.56	−6.15	−8.70
1902	64.29	−0.27	−0.42
1903	49.11	−15.18	−23.61
1904	69.61	+20.50	+41.74
1905	96.20	+26.59	+38.20
1906	94.35	−1.85	−1.92
1907	58.75	−35.60	−37.73
1908	86.15	+27.40	+46.64
1909	99.05	+12.90	+14.97
1910	81.36	−17.69	−17.86
1911	81.68	+0.32	+0.39
1912	87.87	+6.19	+7.58
1913	78.78	−9.09	−10.34
1914	54.58	−24.20	−30.72
1915	99.15	+44.57	+81.66
1916	95.00	−4.15	−4.19
1917	74.38	−20.62	−21.71
1918	82.20	+7.82	+10.51
1919	107.23	+25.03	+30.45
1920	71.95	−35.28	−32.90
1921	81.10	+9.15	+12.72
1922	98.73	+17.63	+21.74
1923	95.52	−3.21	−3.25
1924	120.51	+24.99	+26.16
1925	156.66	+36.15	+30.00
1926	157.20	+0.54	+0.34
1927	202.40	+45.20	+28.75
1928	300.00	+97.60	+48.22
1929	248.48	−51.52	−17.17
1930	164.58	−83.90	−33.77
1931	77.90	−86.68	−52.67
1932	59.93	−17.97	−23.07
1933	99.90	+39.97	+66.69
1934	104.04	+4.14	+4.14
1935	144.13	+40.09	+38.53
1936	179.90	+35.77	+24.82
1937	120.85	−59.05	−32.82
1938	154.76	+33.91	+28.06
1939	150.24	−4.52	−2.92
1940	131.13	−19.11	−12.72
1941	110.96	−20.17	−15.38
1942	119.40	+8.44	+7.61
1943	135.89	+16.49	+13.81
1944	152.32	+16.43	+12.09
1945	192.91	+40.59	+26.65
1946	177.20	−15.71	−8.14
1947	181.16	+3.96	+2.23
1948	177.30	−3.86	−2.13
1949	200.13	+22.83	+12.88
1950	235.41	+35.28	+17.63
1951	269.23	+33.82	+14.37
1952	291.90	+22.67	+8.42
1953	280.90	−11.00	−3.77
1954	404.39	+123.49	+43.96
1955	488.40	+84.01	+20.77
1956	499.47	+11.07	+2.27
1957	435.69	−63.78	−12.77
1958	583.65	+147.96	+33.96
1959	679.36	+95.71	+16.40
1960	615.89	−63.47	−9.34
1961	731.14	+115.25	+18.71
1962	652.10	−79.04	−10.81
1963	762.95	+110.85	+17.00
1964	874.13	+111.18	+14.57
1965	969.26	+95.13	+10.88
1966	785.69	−183.57	−18.94
1967	905.11	+119.42	+15.20
1968	943.75	+38.64	+4.27
1969	800.36	−143.39	−15.19
1970	838.92	+38.56	+4.82
1971	890.20	+51.28	+6.11
1972	1,020.02	+129.82	+14.58
1973	850.86	−169.16	−16.58
1974	616.24	−234.62	−27.57
1975	852.41	+236.17	+38.32
1976	1,004.65	+152.24	+17.86
1977	831.17	−173.48	−17.27
1978	805.01	−26.16	−3.15
1979	838.74	+33.73	+4.19
1980	963.99	+125.25	+14.93
1981	875.00	−88.99	−9.23
1982	1,046.54	+171.54	+19.60
1983	1,258.64	+212.10	+20.27
1984	1,211.57	−47.07	−3.74
1985	1,546.67	+335.10	+27.66
1986	1,895.95	+349.28	+22.58
1987	1,938.83	+42.88	+2.26
1988	2,168.57	+229.74	+11.85
1989	2,753.20	+584.63	+26.96
1990	2,633.66	−119.54	−4.34
1991	3,168.83	+535.17	+20.32
1992	3,301.11	+132.28	+4.17
1993	3,754.09	+452.98	+13.72
1994	3,834.44	+80.35	+2.14
1995	5,117.12	+1,282.68	+33.45
1996	6,448.26	+1,331.14	+26.01
1997	7,908.24	+1,459.98	+22.64
1998	9,181.43	+1,273.19	+16.10
1999	11,497.12	+2,315.69	+25.22
2000	10,786.85	−710.27	−6.18
2001	10,021.50	−765.35	−7.10
2002	8,341.63	−1,679.87	−16.76
2003	10,453.92	+2,112.29	+25.32
2004	10,783.01	+329.09	+3.15
2005	10,717.50	−65.51	−0.61
2006	12,463.15	+1,745.65	+16.29
2007	13,264.82	+801.67	+6.43
2008	8,776.39	−4,488.43	−33.84
2009	10,428.05	+1,651.66	+18.82
2010	11,577.51	+1,149.46	+11.02
2011	12,217.56	+640.05	+5.53
2012	13,104.14	+886.58	+7.26
2013	16,576.66	+3,472.52	+26.50
2014	17,823.07	+1,246.41	+7.52
2015	17,425.03	−398.04	−2.23
2016	19,762.60	+2,337.57	+13.42
2017	24,719.22	+4,956.62	+25.08
2018	23,327.46	−1,391.76	−5.63
2019	28,538.44	+5,210.98	+22.34
2020	30,606.48	+2,068.04	+7.25
2021	36,338.30	+5,731.82	+18.73
2022	33,147.25	−3,191.05	−8.78
2023	37,689.54	+4,542.29	+13.70
2024	42,544.22	+4,854.68	+12.88
2025	48,063.29	+5,519.07	+12.97

 Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) अमेरिका का सबसे प्रसिद्ध stock market index है। इसे लोग आमतौर पर Dow Jones, Dow, या US30 भी कहते हैं, खासकर trading में।

 

सरल भाषा में

यह index अमेरिका की 30 बड़ी और मजबूत कंपनियों के शेयरों के प्रदर्शन को मिलाकर बनाया जाता है। अगर इन कंपनियों के शेयर औसतन ऊपर जाते हैं, तो Dow Jones बढ़ता है; और अगर नीचे जाते हैं, तो Dow Jones गिरता है।

इसमें कौन-कौन सी कंपनियाँ होती हैं?

कुछ प्रमुख कंपनियाँ जो Dow Jones में शामिल हैं:

·         Apple

·         Microsoft

·         Boeing

·         Coca-Cola

·         JPMorgan Chase

·         Walmart

ट्रेडर्स के लिए इसका क्या मतलब है?

जब आप US30 या Dow Jones में trade करते हैं, तो आप किसी एक कंपनी का शेयर नहीं खरीदते। आप पूरे index की दिशा पर trade करते हैं — यानी यह अनुमान लगाते हैं कि अमेरिकी बड़ी कंपनियों का बाजार ऊपर जाएगा या नीचे।

अगर Dow Jones	मतलब
ऊपर जाता है	बाजार में तेजी (Bullish sentiment)
नीचे जाता है	बाजार में कमजोरी (Bearish sentiment)
Sideways रहता है	Buy/Sell दोनों में सावधानी

क्योंकि आप 1m, 5m और 30m timeframe पर trade करते हैं, इसलिए आपके लिए 30m trend, 5m confirmation, और 1m entry timing सबसे महत्वपूर्ण है।

अगर चाहें, मैं आपको अगला जवाब “Dow Jones में Buy/Sell कैसे करें” पर दे सकता हूँ — जिसमें support, resistance, stop-loss और target को बिल्कुल आसान हिंदी में समझाऊँगा।